3D User Interfaces: Theory and Practice
Chapter 11: Evaluation of 3D User Interfaces
Most of this book has covered the various aspects of 3D UI design. We have addressed questions such as, How do I choose an appropriate input device? How do I support wayfinding in large-scale environments? and What object manipulation techniques provide precise positioning? However, one of the central truths of human–computer interaction (HCI) is that even the most careful and well-informed designs can still go wrong in any number of ways. Thus, evaluation of UIs becomes critical. In fact, the reason we can provide answers to questions such as those above is that researchers have performed evaluations addressing those issues. In this chapter, we discuss some of the evaluation methods that can be used for 3D UIs, metrics that help to indicate the usability of 3D UIs, distinctive characteristics of 3D UI evaluation, and guidelines for choosing evaluation methods. We argue that evaluation should not only be performed when a design is complete, but that it should also be used as an integral part of the design process.
11.1. Introduction
11.1.1. Purposes of Evaluation
11.1.2. Terminology
11.1.3. Chapter Roadmap
11.2. Background
11.2.1. Tools for Evaluation Design and Implementation
11.2.2. Evaluation Methods Used for 3D Interfaces
11.3. Evaluation Metrics for 3D Interfaces
11.3.1. System Performance Metrics
11.3.2. Task Performance Metrics
11.3.3. User Preference Metrics
11.4. Distinctive Characteristics of 3D Interface Evaluation
11.4.1. Physical Environment Issues
11.4.2. Evaluator Issues
11.4.3. User Issues
11.4.4. Evaluation Type Issues
11.4.5. Miscellaneous Issues
11.5. Classification of 3D Evaluation Methods
11.6. Two Multimethod Approaches
11.6.1. Testbed Evaluation Approach
11.6.2. Sequential Evaluation Approach
11.6.3. Comparison of Approaches
11.7. Guidelines for 3D Interface Evaluation
11.7.1. General Guidelines
11.7.2. Guidelines for Formal Experimentation
3dui.org
Devoted to the design and evaluation of three-dimensional user interfaces